# WET OP DE FORENSISCHE CONTROLE: Valve Steam WebAPI-ecosysteem en commerciële exploitatie (Ref.: VAL-REG-2026-09)

Canonical: https://phishdestroy.io/steam_dossier/nl/regulatory_act_print
Language: nl
Author: phishdestroy.io Forensic Research Coalition
Publisher: PhishDestroy

phishdestroy.io Valve Steam WebAPI-ecosysteemaudit // Ref.: VAL-REG-2026-09 // Alle rechten zijn afgestaan aan de mensheid

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phishdestroy.io · Forensic Research Coalition · Universal Public Record

**ZAAKNUMMER:** VAL-REG-2026-09-EVID

**HERKOMST:** phishdestroy.io/steam_dossier/

**RECHTEN:** ALLE RECHTEN ZIJN AABGESTANDEN AAN DE MENSHEID

# Wet op de forensische controle en bijlage met regelgeving

Systematische provisioning van derdepartij-APIs, geautomatiseerde bypass-architectuur en contractuele niet-handhaving in het ecosysteem van de Valve Steam

Uitgevend domein **phishdestroy.io**

Doelplatform **Valve Steam / Steamworks**

Primaire authenticatievector **Steam OpenID 2.0 / Web API**

Juridische vermelding **All Rights to Humanity (CC0)**

Deel I: Memo van de directie en feitelijke bevindingen REF: MEMO-SAMENVATTING-01

Dit document vormt een formeel forensisch auditverslag waarin het operationele raakvlak wordt onderzocht tussen de door Valve Corporation gepubliceerde commerciële voorwaarden, haar technische authenticatie-eindpunten en waargenomen commerciële platforms van derden. De audit werd uitgevoerd aan de hand van passieve, niet-geauthenticeerde netwerkobservatie, verificatie van registraties op RDAP en openbare telemetriegegevens van Link Filter.

**Feitelijke kern:** Uit empirische waarnemingen blijkt dat er een systematische discrepantie bestaat tussen de publieke contractuele toezeggingen van Valve en haar productie-infrastructuur. Hoewel de abonneeovereenkomst (SSA) van Steam ongeoorloofde commerciële exploitatie (§ 2.G), geautomatiseerde interactie via bots of scripts (§ 4.C) en accountoverdracht (§ 1.C) strikt verbiedt, blijft Valve Corporation live, programmatische OpenID-authenticatie en infrastructuur voor het opvragen van voorraadgegevens aanbieden aan ten minste 175 commerciële entiteiten die secundaire transactievolumes van meerdere miljarden dollars genereren.

175

Gecontroleerde commerciële exploitanten

44

Auth-hosts met afzonderlijke domeinen

26

Filter-split-proxyparen

100%

Niet-toegepaste SSA § 2.G / § 4.C

0

Verplichte intrekkingen van authenticaties

Toepasselijk contractueel en wettelijk kader

SSA § 2.G

**Verbod op commercieel gebruik:** Het is uitdrukkelijk verboden om de Inhoud en Diensten voor commerciële doeleinden te gebruiken zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van Valve Corporation.

SSA § 4.C

**Beperking inzake automatisering:** Het is ten strengste verboden om scripts, handelsbots, macro’s of niet door mensen bestuurde systemen te gebruiken die interactie aangaan met de diensten en markten van Steam.

SSA § 1.C

**Verplichting inzake persoonlijk gebruik:** Beperkt accounts tot persoonlijk gebruik; verbiedt uitdrukkelijk het verkopen, verhuren, overdragen of verhandelen van Steam-gebruikersaccounts.

EU DSA (2022/2065)

**Beoordeling van systeemrisico’s (art. 34/35):** Zeer grote onlineplatforms (VLOP’s) moeten systeemrisico’s die voortvloeien uit geautomatiseerd misbruik en ongeoorloofde commerciële exploitatie actief opsporen, beoordelen en beperken.

Deel II: Bijlage A — Gedocumenteerde koppelingen van gesplitste paren (routes van het 26) REF: EX-SPLIT-LEDGER

**Forensische analyse van ontwijkingstechnieken met gesplitste domeinen:** In het linkfiltersysteem van Valve( Steam ) (`steamcommunity.com/linkfilter/?url=...`), wanneer een eindgebruiker op een link klikt die naar een gemarkeerd gok- of zwarte-marktplatform leidt, geeft Valve een opvallende waarschuwing weer (*"Link geblokkeerd! ... gemarkeerd als mogelijk schadelijk"*). Uit forensisch onderzoek naar de route blijkt echter dat er 26 commerciële platforms actief zijn op een **architectuur met gesplitste domeinen**: hoewel het primaire commerciële domein in het Link Filter als BLOCKED is gemarkeerd, wordt het secundaire domein waarop het OpenID-retour-eindpunt van Valve wordt gehost, als CLEAN aangemerkt. De OpenID-servers van Valve accepteren zonder onderbreking authenticatieverzoeken van deze proxyhosts, waardoor de veiligheidswaarschuwing voor gebruikers wordt geneutraliseerd terwijl het inloggen gewoon doorgaat.

| # | Hoofddomein voor commerciële doeleinden | Hoofdfilter | OpenID-authenticatieproxy-domein | Auth-filter | RDAP Geregistreerd | Grondslagen voor de vastlegging |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | rollbit.com | BLOCKED | rbsnin.com | CLEAN | 2026-09-18 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 02 | skin.club | BLOCKED | sc-auth.net | CLEAN | 2019-04-02 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 03 | howl.gg | BLOCKED | howl.uno | CLEAN | 2026-08-11 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 04 | duelbits.com | BLOCKED | switchflips.com | CLEAN | 2020-04-21 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 05 | csgofast.com | BLOCKED | steam-login.authtofast.com | CLEAN | 2026-06-30 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 06 | farmskins.com | BLOCKED | steam.kobal.cc | CLEAN | 2017-01-07 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 07 | cobaltlab.tech | BLOCKED | cobaltauth.com | CLEAN | 2025-01-07 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 08 | csgo.net | BLOCKED | cn2.easylot.net | CLEAN | 2016-09-03 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 09 | ggdrop.com | BLOCKED | ggauth.com | CLEAN | 2023-05-03 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 10 | rustchance.com | BLOCKED | hgfuihd.com | CLEAN | 2019-01-27 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 11 | skin.fans | BLOCKED | auth.skinfans.com | CLEAN | 2018-07-16 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 12 | skinport.com | BLOCKED | skinport.app | CLEAN | 2020-06-20 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 13 | skins.cash | BLOCKED | skinscash.live | CLEAN | 2019-12-05 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 14 | tf2hunt.com | BLOCKED | rstspcl.com | CLEAN | 2020-08-08 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 15 | daddyskins.com | BLOCKED | go-go-daddy.com | CLEAN | 2019-01-26 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 16 | key-drop.com | BLOCKED | kdauth.com | CLEAN | 2026-05-13 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 17 | clash.gg | BLOCKED | clggauth.com | CLEAN | 2024-09-16 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 18 | c5game.com | BLOCKED | www.imbastar.com | CLEAN | 2016-02-27 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 19 | swap.gg | BLOCKED | swapauth.com | CLEAN | 2018-10-06 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 20 | shadowpay.com | BLOCKED | thelogins.com | CLEAN | 2018-01-22 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 21 | csgocases.com | BLOCKED | log-1n.com | CLEAN | 2017-11-27 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 22 | csgogem.com | BLOCKED | api.csgem.com | CLEAN | 2014-03-08 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 23 | gamdom.com | BLOCKED | login.gambldom.com | CLEAN | 2017-09-24 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 24 | 12cs.fail | BLOCKED | fail.games | CLEAN | 2021-08-24 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 25 | skinsnipe.com | BLOCKED | pricing.tradeupspy.com | CLEAN | 2020-03-11 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |
| 26 | csgobig.com | BLOCKED | letmeinbig.com | CLEAN | 2023-01-20 | PASSIVE_CAPTURE |

* Opmerking: Passieve controles uitgevoerd op niet-geauthenticeerde eindpunten van het Steam Link Filter op 2026-09-19 en 2026-09-21.. De ruwe HTTP-antwoordteksten en SHA-256-digests worden bewaard in de dataset van de repository (steam_tos_assets/linkfilter-2026-09-22.json).

Deel III: Bijlage B — Uitgebreide inventarisatie van door de „175” gecontroleerde commerciële entiteiten REF: EX-175-MASTER-CENSUS

Het volgende register bevat alle commerciële platforms van derden op 175 die actief zijn geverifieerd in de auditdatabase. Elk record vermeldt de naam van de entiteit, het primaire commerciële domein, de waargenomen Steam OpenID-authenticatieroute, de activiteitsclassificatie, toewijzingen van contractbreuken (SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C, SSA § 1.C) en het actieveld dat in de brondataset is vastgelegd. Het label „Zie gedateerd bewijs“ verwijst de lezer naar ondersteunende documenten; het betekent niet dat Valve geen actie heeft ondernomen. Een ontbrekend actieveld wordt gerapporteerd als „niet vastgesteld“.

| Tentoonstelling | Naam van de entiteit en hoofddomein | Waargenomen authenticatieroute / proxy | Classificatie | Contractbreuk | Valve Actie |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| EX-001 | **CSGORoll** csgoroll.com | www.csgoroll.com DIRECT | Skin Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-002 | **CSGOEmpire** csgoempire.com | csgoempirelogin4.com SPLIT PROXY | Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-003 | **Rollbit** rollbit.com | rbsnin.com SPLIT PROXY | Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-004 | **500 Casino** 500.casino | fivezerozero.co SPLIT PROXY | Licenced Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-005 | **CSGOBig** csgobig.com | csgobig.com DIRECT | Roulette/Slots | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-006 | **CaseDrop** casedrop.com | casedrop.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-007 | **RustReaper** rustreaper.com | rustreaper.com DIRECT | Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-008 | **BanditCamp** banditcamp.com | banditcamp.com DIRECT | Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-009 | **SkinBox** skinbox.com | skinbox.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-010 | **TastyDrop** tastydrop.com | tastydrop.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-011 | **CSGOPolygon** csgopolygon.gg | csgopolygon.gg DIRECT | Roulette Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-012 | **MagicDrop** magicdrop.ru | magicdrop.ru DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-013 | **CSDice** csdice.com | csdice.com DIRECT | Dice Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-014 | **Rustly** rustly.com | rustly.com DIRECT | Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-015 | **SkinOdds** skinodds.com | skinodds.com DIRECT | Upgrader Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-016 | **CSGOWin** csgowin.com | csgowin.com DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-017 | **CSGORun** csgorun.net | csgorun.net DIRECT | Crash Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-018 | **OpenSkins** openskins.com | openskins.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-019 | **RustBet** rustbet.com | rustbet.com DIRECT | Rust Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-020 | **CSGOMagic** csgomagic.com | csgomagic.com DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-021 | **CSGOBounty** csgobounty.com | csgobounty.com DIRECT | Upgrader/Contract | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-022 | **EZSkins** ezskins.com | ezskins.com DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-023 | **RustCases** rustcases.com | rustcases.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-024 | **CSGOReaper** csgoreaper.com | csgoreaper.com DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-025 | **CSGOCases** csgocases.com | csgocases.com DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-026 | **CSGO-Skins** csgo-skins.com | csgo-skins.com DIRECT | Case Upgrader | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-027 | **CSGONet** csgonet.com | csgonet.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-028 | **WTFSkins** wtfskins.com | wtfskins.com DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-029 | **CSGOFast** csgofast.com | steam-login.authtofast.com SPLIT PROXY | Roulette Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-030 | **Duelbits** duelbits.com | switchflips.com SPLIT PROXY | Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-031 | **FlameCases** flamecases.com | flamecases.com DIRECT | Case Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-032 | **Farmskins** farmskins.com | steam.kobal.cc SPLIT PROXY | Case Opener | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-033 | **CSGOLuck** csgoluck.com | csgoluck.com DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-034 | **Gamedom** gamedom.com | gamedom.com DIRECT | Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-035 | **Skin.Club** skin.club | sc-auth.net SPLIT PROXY | Case Battles | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-036 | **DaddySkins** daddyskins.com | daddyskins.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-037 | **Insane.gg** insane.gg | api.insane.gg DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-038 | **Rustix** rustix.gg | rustix.gg DIRECT | Rust Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-039 | **Skins.Club** skins.club | skins.club DIRECT | Skin Upgrade | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-040 | **CSGOHouse** csgohouse.org | csgohouse.org DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-041 | **SkinRave** skinrave.net | skinrave.net DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-042 | **BloodyCase_GG** bloodycase.gg | bloodycase.gg DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-043 | **CSGOClicker** csgoclicker.com | csgoclicker.com DIRECT | Clicker/Upgrade | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-044 | **RustBet_GG** rustbet.gg | rustbet.gg DIRECT | Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-045 | **CS_Drop** cs-drop.com | cs-drop.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-046 | **HellStore** hellstore.net | hellstore.net DIRECT | Skin Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-047 | **RustLoot** rustloot.com | rustloot.com DIRECT | Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-048 | **CSGO_Case** csgo-case.com | csgo-case.com DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-049 | **CS2Skin** cs2skin.com | cs2skin.com DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-050 | **Juice_GG** juice.gg | letmeinjuice.com SPLIT PROXY | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-051 | **GGDrop** ggdrop.com | ggauth.com SPLIT PROXY | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-052 | **CSGOGem** csgogem.com | csgogem.com DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-053 | **Rainbet** rainbet.com | services.rainbet.com DIRECT | Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-054 | **Howl_GG** howl.gg | howl.uno SPLIT PROXY | Skins Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-055 | **Chicken_GG** chicken.gg | chicken.gg DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-056 | **CSGOCasino_GG** csgocasino.gg | api.csgocasino.gg DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-057 | **Hunt_GG** hunt.gg | api.hunt.gg DIRECT | Skins Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-058 | **CSBattle** csbattle.com | csbattle.com DIRECT | Case Battles | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-059 | **SkinRave_GG** skinrave.gg | api.skinrave.gg DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-060 | **CSDouble** csdouble.gg | csdouble.gg DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-061 | **RustChance** rustchance.com | hgfuihd.com SPLIT PROXY | Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-062 | **RustClash** rustclash.com | rustclash.com DIRECT | Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-063 | **CobaltLab** cobaltlab.tech | cobaltauth.com SPLIT PROXY | Rust Automation | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-064 | **Raided_GG** raided.gg | api.raided.gg DIRECT | Rust Roulette | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-065 | **RustNeo** rustneo.gg | rustneo.gg DIRECT | Rust Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-066 | **Splits_GG** splits.gg | splits.gg DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-067 | **Upgrader_Pro** upgrader.pro | upgauth.space SPLIT PROXY | Skin Upgrader | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-068 | **SkinFans** skin.fans | auth.skinfans.com SPLIT PROXY | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-069 | **HotPizza** hotpizza.one | hotpizza.one DIRECT | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-070 | **G4Skins** g4skins.com | auth.g4s.to SPLIT PROXY | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-071 | **12CS_Fail** 12cs.fail | 12cs.fail DIRECT | Crash Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-072 | **TF2Royal** tf2royal.com | tf2auth.com SPLIT PROXY | TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-073 | **TF2Easy** www.tf2easy.com | www.tf2easy.com DIRECT | TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-074 | **TF2Hunt** tf2hunt.com | rstspcl.com SPLIT PROXY | TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-075 | **TF2Bet** tf2.bet/coinflip | tf2.bet DIRECT | TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-076 | **TF2Blaze** tf2blaze.com | tf2blaze.com DIRECT | TF2 Gambling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-077 | **OpenStars_GG** openstars.gg | openstars.gg DIRECT | Skin Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-078 | **Shuffle_Com** shuffle.com | shuffle.com DIRECT | Crypto Casino | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-079 | **Skins.com** skins.com | api.skins.com DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-080 | **White.Market** white.market | white.market DIRECT | P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-081 | **Buff.Market** buff.market | buff.market DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-082 | **Avan.Market** avan.market | avan.market DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-083 | **CS.MONEY** cs.money | auth.dota.trade SPLIT PROXY | Trading Engine | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-084 | **UUSkins** uuskins.com | uuskins.com DIRECT | P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-085 | **YouPin898** youpin898.com | youpin898.com DIRECT | Mass Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-086 | **Moon.Market** moon.market | moon.market DIRECT | P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-087 | **CSFloat** csfloat.com | csgofloat.com SPLIT PROXY | P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-088 | **Skin.Land** skin.land | auth.skin.land DIRECT | Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-089 | **C5Game** c5game.com | c5game.com DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-090 | **HaloSkins** haloskins.com | haloskins.com DIRECT | Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-091 | **Buff.163** buff.163.com | buff.163.com DIRECT | Corporate Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-092 | **Waxpeer** waxpeer.com | waxpeer.com DIRECT | P2P Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-093 | **CS.MONEY Bot** cs.money | auth.dota.trade SPLIT PROXY | Bot Trading | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-094 | **Market.CSGO** market.csgo.com | dota2.net SPLIT PROXY | P2P Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-095 | **Skinport** skinport.com | skinport.app SPLIT PROXY | Regulated Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-096 | **SkinFlow** skinflow.gg | api.skinflow.gg DIRECT | Marketplace/Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-097 | **DMarket** dmarket.com | dmarket.com DIRECT | US Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-098 | **Skin.place** skin.place | api.skin.place DIRECT | Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-099 | **SkinsMonkey** skinsmonkey.com | skinsmonkey.com DIRECT | Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-100 | **SkinBaron** skinbaron.de | skinbaron.com SPLIT PROXY | Corporate Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-101 | **Steam** steamcommunity.com/market | steamcommunity.com/market DIRECT | Official Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-102 | **RustTM** rust.tm | dota2.net SPLIT PROXY | Rust Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-103 | **PirateSwap** pirateswap.com | login.pirateswap.com DIRECT | Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-104 | **Mannco.Store** mannco.store | mannco.store DIRECT | TF2 Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-105 | **SkinSwap** skinswap.com | api.skinswap.com DIRECT | Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-106 | **LootFarm** lootfarm.com | lootfarm.com DIRECT | Trading Platform | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-107 | **Rustskins** rustskins.com | rustskins.com DIRECT | Rust Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-108 | **ExeSkins** exeskins.com | exeskins.com DIRECT | P2P Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-109 | **BalticSkins** balticskins.com | balticskins.com DIRECT | Skins Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-110 | **CS.Trade** cs.trade | cs.trade DIRECT | Instant Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-111 | **RapidSkins** rapidskins.com | api.rapidskins.com DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-112 | **TradeIt** tradeit.gg | connect-tradeit.com SPLIT PROXY | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-113 | **Krakatoa** krakatoa.com | krakatoa.com DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-114 | **ShadowPay** shadowpay.com | shadowpay.com DIRECT | P2P Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-115 | **49skins** 49skins.com | api.49skins.com DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-116 | **SkinVault** skinvault.gg | api.skinvault.gg DIRECT | CS2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-117 | **Aim Market** aim.market | aim.market DIRECT | Skins Trading | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-118 | **Skinout** skinout.gg | auth.skinout.gg DIRECT | Instant Sell Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-119 | **NTSkins** ntskins.com | ntskins.com DIRECT | Skins Trading | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-120 | **IGXE** igxe.cn | igxe.cn DIRECT | Chinese Powerhouse | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-121 | **Swap.gg** swap.gg | swap.gg DIRECT | Automated Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-122 | **Bitskins** bitskins.com | bitskins.com DIRECT | Cash-out Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-123 | **GamerPay** gamerpay.gg | gamerpay.gg DIRECT | P2P Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-124 | **TF2Mart** tf2mart.com | tf2mart.com DIRECT | TF2 Automation | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-125 | **SkinBid** skinbid.com | skinbid.com DIRECT | Skin Auctions | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-126 | **LootBear** lootbear.com | lootbear.com DIRECT | Skin Rental | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-127 | **Backpack.tf** backpack.tf | backpack.tf DIRECT | TF2 Valuation | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-128 | **Scrap.tf** scrap.tf | scrap.tf DIRECT | TF2 Scrap Swap | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-129 | **Marketplace.tf** marketplace.tf | marketplace.tf DIRECT | TF2 Cashout | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-130 | **STNTrading** stntrading.eu | stntrading.eu DIRECT | TF2 Botnet | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-131 | **Skins.Cash** skins.cash | skinscash.live SPLIT PROXY | Instant Cashout | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-132 | **SkinWallet** skinwallet.com | skinwallet.com DIRECT | Instant Cashout | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-133 | **Dota2Market** dota2market.com | dota2market.com DIRECT | Dota 2 Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-134 | **CSGO.NET** csgo.net | cn2.easylot.net SPLIT PROXY | Case Opening | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-135 | **Cybershoke** cybershoke.net | auth.cybershoke.net DIRECT | Community Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-136 | **XPlay_GG** xplay.gg | xplay.gg DIRECT | Server Network | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-137 | **FastCup** fastcup.net | api.fastcup.net DIRECT | Matchmaker Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-138 | **Esportal** esportal.com | esportal.com DIRECT | Matchmaking Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-139 | **GamersClub** gamersclub.com.br | gamersclub.com.br DIRECT | LATAM Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-140 | **Leetify** leetify.com | leetify.com DIRECT | SaaS Analytics | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-141 | **Scope_GG** scope.gg | scope.gg DIRECT | SaaS Analytics | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-142 | **TradeUpSpy** tradeupspy.com | api.tradeupspy.com DIRECT | SaaS Tools | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-143 | **Epidemic_GG** epidemic.gg | epidemic.gg DIRECT | SaaS Tools | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-144 | **CSDeals** cs.deals | api.cs.deals DIRECT | Marketplace | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-145 | **Pricempire** pricempire.com | pricempire.com DIRECT | SaaS Price DB | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-146 | **CS2Stash** cs2stash.com | cs2stash.com DIRECT | SaaS Index | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-147 | **CSGOSkins** csgoskins.gg | csgoskins.gg DIRECT | SaaS Index | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-148 | **SteamAnalyst** steamanalyst.com | steamanalyst.com DIRECT | SaaS Index | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-149 | **SteamCardExchange** steamcardexchange.net | steamcardexchange.net DIRECT | Trading Exchange | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-150 | **DotaBuff** dotabuff.com | dotabuff.com DIRECT | SaaS Tracker | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-151 | **Tracker_GG** tracker.gg | tracker.gg DIRECT | SaaS Tracker | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-152 | **FSB Market (an anonymized label; the original name is withheld here)** FSB Market | FSB Market DIRECT | Mass Blackmarket | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-153 | **FunPay** funpay.com | funpay.com DIRECT | Account Exchange | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 4.C, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-154 | **PlayerAuctions** playerauctions.com | playerauctions.com DIRECT | Grey Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-155 | **Eldorado.gg** eldorado.gg | eldorado.gg DIRECT | Account Portal | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-156 | **G2A** g2a.com | g2a.com DIRECT | Mass Key Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-157 | **Kinguin** kinguin.net | kinguin.net DIRECT | Mass Key Market | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-158 | **G2G.com** g2g.com | g2g.com DIRECT | Virtual Services | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-159 | **Playerup** playerup.com | playerup.com DIRECT | Account Broker | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-160 | **Z2U.com** z2u.com | www.z2u.com DIRECT | Ready-Account Hub | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-161 | **SmurfHub** smurfhub.net | smurfhub.net DIRECT | Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-162 | **SmurfAccounts** smurfaccounts.com | smurfaccounts.com DIRECT | Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-163 | **BuyCSGORank** buycsgorank.com | buycsgorank.com DIRECT | Rank Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-164 | **CSGOSmurfKings** csgosmurfkings.com | csgosmurfkings.com DIRECT | Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-165 | **SmurfStore_Co** smurfstore.co | smurfstore.co DIRECT | Smurf Shop | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-166 | **SteamLvlUp** steamlvlup.com | steamlvlup.com DIRECT | Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-167 | **SteamLevels** steamlevels.com | steamlevels.com DIRECT | Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-168 | **LevelSteam** levelsteam.com | levelsteam.com DIRECT | Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-169 | **SteamLevelU** steamlevelu.com | steamlevelu.com DIRECT | Card Leveling | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-170 | **EloKing** eloking.com | eloking.com DIRECT | Rank Boosting | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-171 | **Boosteria** boosteria.org | boosteria.org DIRECT | Rank Boosting | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-172 | **Overgear** overgear.com | overgear.com DIRECT | Boosting SaaS | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-173 | **BlazingBoost** blazingboost.com | blazingboost.com DIRECT | Boosting SaaS | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-174 | **Dota2Boost** dota2boost.com | dota2boost.com DIRECT | Rank Boosting | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |
| EX-175 | **BuyBoost** buyboost.com | buyboost.com DIRECT | Boosting SaaS | SSA § 2.G, SSA § 1.C | See dated evidence |

Deel IV: Technische architectuur en authenticatiemechanismen REF: TECH-ANALYSIS-01

**1. Ontbrekende validatie van domeineigendom in OpenID 2.0:** De implementatie door Valve van het OpenID-2.0-protocol (`https://steamcommunity.com/openid/login`) beoordeelt de `openid.return_to` en `openid.realm` parameters zonder dat voorafgaande registratie van ontwikkelaars, verificatie via cryptografische uitdagingen of validatie van domeineigendom vereist is. Elke commerciële exploitant kan gebruikers doorverwijzen naar het inlogscherm van Valve en een cryptografisch ondertekende identiteitsverklaring (met de SteamID in de vorm van 64-) ontvangen, die naar willekeurige domeinen wordt doorgestuurd.

**2. Programmatisch opvragen van inventaris en misbruik van de sleutel „API”:** Zodra de gebruikersauthenticatie via OpenID is bevestigd, sturen operators verzoeken naar openbare en partner-webAPI-eindpunten (`IEconItems_730/GetPlayerItems`) om voorraadactiva in realtime te indexeren. Geautomatiseerde handelsnetwerken maken gebruik van programmatische sessietokens om peer-to-peer (P2P)-handelsaanbiedingen in te dienen, op te vragen en te accepteren, wat rechtstreeks in strijd is met het verbod op niet-menselijke interactie in SSA §4.C.

**3. Asymmetrie in linkfilters:** Het feit dat er zowel waarschuwingen voor domeinen die zich op consumenten richten bestaan als volledig functionele authenticatie-eindpunten, leidt tot een tegenstrijdigheid in de regelgeving: de beveiligingstelemetrie van Valve classificeert deze exploitanten als „mogelijk kwaadaardig“, terwijl de authenticatie-infrastructuur van Valve hun gebruikersbestand blijft authenticeren.

Bewijsmethodologie en verklaring inzake de bewakingsketen

Dit document is samengesteld op basis van niet-geverifieerde netwerkgegevens, historische RDAP registerquery’s en geverifieerde cryptografische hash-manifesten. Er zijn geen inloggegevens van gebruikers getest op kwetsbaarheid of verwerkt. Alle bevindingen weerspiegelen de waarneembare toestand van het productienetwerk per september 2026. Dit document dient als een onpartijdig technisch bewijsstuk dat is opgesteld ten behoeve van gerechtelijke, regelgevende en openbare onderzoeken.

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**ARCHIEF:** OPENBAAR JURIDISCH DOSSIER

UITGEGEVEN EN ONDERTEKEND DOOR: **phishdestroy.io** · Coalitie voor forensisch onderzoek

RECHTSSTATUS: **ALLE RECHTEN ZIJN AABGESTANDEN AAN DE MENSHEID** · CC0 UNIVERSAL PUBLIC DOMAIN